House price statistics for small areas in England and Wales: year ending September 2019

• The median price paid for residential properties in England ranged from £25,000 (within County Durham and Sunderland) to £4,600,000 (within Kensington and Chelsea) in the year ending September 2019.
• The median price paid for residential properties in Wales ranged from £50,000 (within Rhondda Cynon Taf and Caerphilly) to £604,000 (within Vale of Glamorgan) in the year ending September 2019.
• The total value of residential property transactions (unadjusted for inflation) decreased most in London out of all regions (9.2% decrease) in the year ending September 2019.
• England’s median price paid for residential properties increased in 55.4% of small areas, in Wales this increased in 61.9% of small areas.
• The number of residential property sales in England fell by 6.0% to 777,744 and in Wales fell by 4.1% to 45,303.
• The number of transactions of flats and maisonettes fell by more than any other property type in both England and Wales (13.4% and 8.7% respectively).

Median price paid for residential properties in LSOAs in England and Wales ranged from £25,000 to £4.6 million

In the year ending September 2019, the median price paid for residential properties in Lower-layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) in England and Wales ranged from £25,000 (within County Durham and Sunderland) to £4,600,000 (within Kensington and Chelsea). Last year, the most expensive LSOA, based on median price paid, was in Barnet.

Figure 1 maps the geographic distribution of house prices across LSOAs in England and Wales in the year ending September 2019.

Figure 1: Median price paid for all dwellings by Lower-layer Super Output Area

England and Wales, year ending September 2019

There were fewer small areas in which the median price paid was £1 million or more in the year ending September 2019 than in the previous year (337 LSOAs, down from 357). Out of the 337 LSOAs in which the median price paid was £1 million or more, 273 were in London (this represents 5.6% of London’s LSOAs).

Figure 2 shows that the percentage of LSOAs with an increase in median price paid has dropped compared with the previous year, with a decrease of 5.8 percentage points since the year ending September 2018. This is the third consecutive annual decrease, but the number of LSOAs that saw an increase in median price paid for residential properties in comparison with the previous year still remains notably higher than the year ending September 2009, following the economic downturn.

Fewer sales of flats was the main driver of the decrease in property transactions

The number of residential property transactions recorded by HM Land Registry in England and Wales fell 5.9% to 823,047 in the year ending September 2019, from 874,998 in the previous year.

This was the third consecutive year in which the number of property transactions has decreased and is the lowest number of sales since the year ending September 2013, when 731,927 property transactions took place.

There was an overall decrease of 51,951 residential property sales in England and Wales on the previous year. Flats and maisonettes were the largest contributor to this decrease, with 21,121 fewer transactions (a fall of 13.3%). Every country and region had a greater percentage drop for flats and maisonettes than for other residential property types, with the largest drop being in the East Midlands (16.8%).

The next largest decrease was for terraced properties, of which there were 5.8% fewer transactions in the year ending September 2019 compared with the previous year in England and Wales. The largest percentage decrease in the number of terraced property transactions was in the South West (9.1%).

For all residential property types in all regions, the number of transactions in the year ending September 2019 was higher than 10 years ago, following the economic downturn. However, the number of property transactions has not yet returned to the levels seen before the economic downturn.

For the third year running, less than half of Lower-layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs) saw an increase in the number of property transactions in the year ending September 2019 in comparison with the previous year.

The nominal total housing market value decreased most in the East of England

The total housing market value in England and Wales was £244.7 billion in the year ending September 2019, a decrease of 5.6% on the previous year. It is also 15.4% less than the highest level of housing market value, which was in the year ending September 2007.

For England and Wales overall, the total housing market value was £44.4 billion lower in the year ending September 2019 than the pre-downturn peak of 2007. It was lower for all English regions and Wales, with the London housing market value falling the most (£11.0 billion) since the pre-downturn peak of 2007.

In the year ending September 2019, the East of England had the highest housing market value relative to the peak in 2007 (with an index of 91.2). The North East had the lowest housing market value relative to the peak in 2007 (with an index of 68.3).

In London, the housing market value fell by 9.2% in the year ending September 2019 compared with the previous year; this was the largest fall out of all English regions and Wales. Yorkshire and The Humber saw a 1.2% year-on-year decrease in housing market value in the year ending September 2019; this was the smallest decrease of all English regions and Wales.

Lower-layer Super Output Area (LSOA)

A Lower-layer Super Output Area (LSOA) is a geographic hierarchy designed to improve the reporting of small area statistics in England and Wales. There are 34,753 LSOAs in England and Wales, each containing between 400 and 1,200 households. More information can be found by visiting the Census geography page.

Housing market value

The housing market value refers to the total value of residential property transactions in an area. It is determined by a combination of property prices and the number of property transactions. This can be used to provide an overview of the scale of the property transaction economy.

Nominal housing market value

The nominal market value refers to housing market value statistics that have not been adjusted to take account of price inflation. They therefore present the simple total transactional value of all property sales.

Index

An index is a statistical measure of change in a variable, for example, housing market value, over time.

Data collection

The house price statistics for small areas (HPSSAs) use data from HM Land Registry to provide statistics on the price paid and number of residential property transactions for properties that were sold in England and Wales. Properties sold at a discount to the market level, such as properties sold under the Right to Buy scheme, are not included in these statistics.

HPSSAs are updated quarterly, adding a new 12-month period to the data. The use of rolling annual data removes seasonal effects (that is, peaks and troughs in property transactions at particular times of the year) and reduces the impact of registration lag (that is, where transactions are registered by HM Land Registry sometime after the date on which they are completed).

Differences to other house price statistics

There are two sets of official statistics for house prices. In addition to these HPSSAs, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) also produces the UK House Price Index (UK HPI). The HPSSAs measure the number of property transactions and the price paid for properties sold in a given period, whereas the UK HPI provides a measure of the changing value of properties in the housing market. The differences and uses of these outputs are explained in more detail in Section 5 of the House price statistics for small areas Quality and Methodology Information (QMI) report.

Quality

More quality and methodology information on strengths, limitations, appropriate uses, and how the data were created is available in the House price statistics for small areas QMI.

Detailed geographic coverage

The smallest areas for which statistics are presented are Lower-layer Super Output Areas (LSOAs), of which there are 34,753 in England and Wales, each containing around 600 households. More detailed statistics are presented for other geographies including Middle-layer Super Output Areas (MSOAs). There are 7,201 MSOAs in England and Wales, each containing around 3,000 households. Statistics for these Super Output Areas (SOAs) therefore provide a detailed geographic understanding of the number of and price paid for properties that were sold at market value.

Use of the time series

With each quarterly publication, we revise the entire time series of house price statistics for small areas (HPSSAs) back to the year ending December 1995 to reflect the fact that HM Land Registry can make amendments to the historical underlying data used to produce these statistics. The data in this release should be used rather than all previously published HPSSA data. This is to ensure that residential property transactions added to or edited in the HM Land Registry Price Paid Data are included, especially in more recent periods to which changes are more likely to relate. If a geography change is made, the entire series reflects the new structure, avoiding geographic breaks in the time series.