Index of Private Housing Rental Prices, Great Britain: April 2016

An experimental price index tracking the prices paid for renting property from private landlords in Great Britain.

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Contact:
Email Rhys Lewis

Release date:
27 May 2016

Next release:
24 June 2016

1. Main findings

Private rental prices paid by tenants in Great Britain rose by 2.6% in the 12 months to April 2016, unchanged when compared with the year to March 2016.

Private rental prices grew by 2.8% in England, 0.2% in Wales and 0.5% in Scotland in the 12 months to April 2016.

Rental prices increased in all the English regions over the year to April 2016, with rental prices increasing the most in London (3.7%).

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2. About this statistical bulletin

The Index of Private Housing Rental Prices (IPHRP) measures the change in price of renting residential property from private landlords. The index is published as a series of price indices covering Great Britain, its constituent countries and the English regions.

IPHRP measures the change in price tenants’ face when renting residential property from private landlords, thereby allowing a comparison between the prices tenants are charged in the current month as opposed to the same month in the previous year. The index does not measure the change in newly advertised rental prices only, but reflects price changes for all private rental properties.

IPHRP is released as an experimental statistic. This is a new official statistic undergoing evaluation and therefore it is recommended that caution is exercised when drawing conclusions from the published data as the index is likely to be further developed. Once the methodology is tested and assessed, and the publication meets user needs, the IPHRP will be assessed against the Code of Practice for Official Statistics to achieve National Statistic status. A complete description of the methodology and the sources used is included in the article Index of Private Housing Rental Prices - Historical Series. Further details regarding improvements to the IPHRP price collection methodology can be found in the January 2015 article.

The IPHRP is constructed using administrative data. That is, the index makes use of data that are already collected for other purposes in order to estimate rental prices. The sources of private rental prices are Valuation Office Agency (VOA), Scottish government (SG) and Welsh government (WG). All 3 organisations deploy rental officers to collect the price paid for privately rented properties. The sources of expenditure weights are Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), Scottish government, Welsh government and VOA.

DCLG produces estimates of the private rental dwelling stock for England and its regions. Scottish government and Welsh government produce estimates of private rental dwelling stock for Scotland and Wales.

Great Britain rental prices

The Great Britain private rental price series starts in January 2011. This is the date for which all the sources for constituting countries are available on a consistent basis. This index has seen small and gradual increases since January 2011 (Figure 1).

Between April 2015 and April 2016, Great Britain private rental prices grew by 2.6%. For example, a property that was rented for £500 a month in April 2015, which saw its rent increase by the Great Britain average rate, would be rented for £513 in April 2016. Rental prices for Great Britain excluding London grew by 2.0% in the same period (Figure 2).

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3. Rental prices for constituent countries of Great Britain

All the countries that constitute Great Britain have experienced rises in their private rental prices since 2011 (Figure 3). Since January 2011 England rental prices have increased more than those of Wales and Scotland.

The annual rate of change in the IPHRP for Wales (0.2%) continues to be below that of England and the Great Britain average (Figure 4). Rental growth in Scotland has gradually slowed to 0.5% in the year to April 2016, from a high of 2.1% in the year to June 2015.

Between April 2015 and April 2016, rental prices grew by 2.8% in England, 0.2% in Wales and 0.5% in Scotland (Figure 5).

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4. Rental prices in England and its regions

The IPHRP series for England starts in 2005. Private rental prices in England show 3 distinct periods: rental price increases from January 2005 until February 2009, rental price decreases from July 2009 to February 2010, and increasing rental prices from May 2010 onwards (Figure 6). When London is excluded, England shows a similar pattern but with slower rental price increases from around the end of 2010.

Figure 7 shows the historical 12 month percentage growth rate in the rental prices of each of the English regions.

Since the beginning of 2012, English rental prices have shown annual increases ranging between 1.4% and 3.0% year-on-year, with April 2016 rental prices being 2.8% higher than April 2015 rental prices (Figure 8). Excluding London, England showed an increase of 2.2% for the same period.

In the 12 months to April 2016, private rental prices increased in each of the 9 English regions (Figure 9). The largest annual rental price increases were in London (3.7%), unchanged from March 2016, followed by the South East (3.1%), up from 2.9% in March 2016 and the East of England (3.0%), unchanged over the same period. Annual price increases have been stronger in London than the rest of England since November 2010.

The lowest annual rental price increases were in the North East (0.8%) and the North West (1.1%), both unchanged when compared with March 2016, followed by Yorkshire and The Humber (1.3%) up from 1.2% over the same period.

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5. Economic context

The rental market in Great Britain continued to show signs of strength in the year to April 2016, as prices grew by 2.6%, unchanged on the January, February and March rates. This stable rate of rental price growth at the UK level was broadly replicated at the regional level. Rental price inflation remained strongest in London (3.7%), the South East (3.1%) and the East of England (3.0%) and weakest in Wales (0.2%), Scotland (0.5%) and the North East of England (0.8%).

Conditions in the housing market as a whole may have been supporting rental price growth. Data from the ONS House Price Index release for March 2016 shows that house price growth has typically been stronger than rental price growth for a number of years. Demand in the housing market continues to strengthen, with RICS’s Residential Market Survey for April 2016 noting that tenant demand grew robustly for the 16th month in a row. The strength in demand is in contrast to supply: the latest RICS survey found supply growth has been weak in the 3 months to April 2016. The Association of Residential Letting Agents (ARLA) also reported that supply in March 2016 was at its lowest since records began in January 2015. However, there are marked regional patterns in conditions, as noted by ARLA. In London, where they found demand is the highest of any region and supply is the weakest, price growth has been relatively high at 3.7% in the year to April 2016. In Scotland, by contrast, where demand is weaker and supply is the strongest of any region, price growth has been more subdued at 0.5% over the past year.

Broader economic indicators suggest that the economy has continued to grow relatively strongly over recent periods, with output increasing 0.4% in Quarter 1 (Jan to Mar) 2016, although this is slower than the 0.6% growth in Quarter 4 (Oct to Dec) 2015. Labour market conditions have continued to improve, with unemployment at 5.1% in the 3 months to March 2016, the lowest rate since before the economic downturn. These improvements, along with falls in the inactivity rate and relative stability in recent months suggest confidence in labour market outcomes remains high. Regular pay also grew by 1.8% in the 3 months to March 2016 compared with the same period a year ago - continuing the run of revived real earnings growth, although rental prices have been growing at a slightly faster rate than real wages in recent months.

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6. Improvements to IPHRP

IPHRP is classified as an Experimental Statistic to allow for evaluation of the output against user needs. As part of the ongoing development, we are considering how to improve IPHRP ahead of potential assessment as a National Statistic.

One of the main user requirements was for IPHRP to be published monthly. In response to this requirement, from February 2016, this publication changed from a quarterly to a monthly release. The next monthly publication will be 24 June 2016.

For further details, please contact hpi@ons.gov.uk

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7. How are we doing?

We would welcome your views on the data presented in this statistical bulletin. Please contact the Housing Market Indices team using the email address below to discuss any aspect of the data, including your views on how we can improve the data.

hpi@ons.gov.uk

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8. Data tables

The IPHRP dataset provides full historical series for the tables accompanying the IPHRP statistical bulletin. This month, the tables have been updated with the latest monthly estimates for April 2016.

The IPHRP weights summary provides aggregated weights for indicative purposes only. The IPHRP weights are updated annually in February of each year.

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.Background notes

  1. New this month

    New private rental price data for April 2016 are published this month. The IPHRP dataset has been updated to include data for April 2016.

    In addition to government sources, a number of private companies produce statistics on the private rental market. For the first time, this month comparisons are made between the IPHRP and other private rental sources available.

    Revisions this month

    There are no revisions to IPHRP data this month.

    Revisions next month

    There are no revisions expected in the next IPHRP publication, to be published on Friday 24 June 2016.

  2. Publication of IPHRP

    The development of official statistics to cover the private housing rental market and the production of a private housing rental price index was one of the recommendations of the National Statistician’s Review of Housing Market Statistics. This experimental IPHRP release is aimed towards the production of such an index, and development of the index will take place in order to further satisfy your needs.

    The production of this index is possible due to recent developments of the housing components of the consumer price indices, and although the same data sources are used by both, the methodology of the IPHRP has been further developed in order to produce a regional level series. Historically IPHRP was published on a quarterly basis. From February 2016, this is now published monthly.

    We invite you to comment on the methodology and current publication of IPHRP. Please send your comments or queries to hpi@ons.gov.uk

  3. Experimental status

    We have designated the IPHRP as Experimental Statistics. The results presented in this article are subject to revisions if improvements in the methodology are identified. Results should be interpreted with this in mind.

    In future publications improvements to the methodology may be made and these could lead to revisions. All revisions to the index will be labelled with an “R” and the reason for the revision fully explained in the background notes section.

  4. Relevance of the index

    The IPHRP has multiple potential uses ranging from the assessment of returns from housing investments or buy-to-let property to the setting or updating of social housing rental prices. Currently the IPHRP is the only statistic with Great Britain coverage on private housing rents. Additionally, it is based on actual paid rents instead of advertised rents (with the exception of Scotland, which is based on advertised rents).

  5. Other rental price statistics

    There are other official statistics available for rental prices:

    Valuation Office Agency (VOA) publishes private rental market statistics. These cover the average prices paid for renting private housing in England to the level of region and local authority. The composition of the sample used for this publication varies over time and therefore makes it hard to produce reliable comparisons over different time periods. For an evaluation of ONS rental price indices and the growth in average private rental prices published by VOA please see the article “Explaining private rental growth

    Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG) publishes social rent statistics. These cover average prices paid for renting both local authority and private registered provider (housing association) properties in England. These are collected from the continuous recordings of lettings and sales in social housing (CORE) and are available at regional and local authority level.

    Scottish government publishes social rent statistics for Scotland. These cover the average weekly rents paid for local authority and registered social landlords, and are available at area level.

    Welsh government publishes social rent statistics for Wales. These cover the average weekly rents paid for local authority and registered social landlords, and are available at area level. Available in Stats Wales.

    Northern Ireland Housing Executive publishes a bi-annual Summary Research Report on the Performance of the Rental Market in Northern Ireland. This report analyses trends in the private rental sector at district council level during a 6 month period.

    In addition to government sources, a number of private companies such as Countrywide, Homelet and LSL Property Services produce statistics on the private rental market. These are predominantly flow measures of private rents whereas IPHRP is a stock measure.

  6. Sources

    The current sources of private rental prices are Valuation Office Agency for England, Scottish government for Scotland and Welsh government for Wales. Private rented dwelling stock estimates are sourced from the Department for Communities and Local Government and Welsh government. The distribution of property type by country and region is sourced from the English housing survey, the Scottish house condition survey and Welsh government. Estimates of the proportions of properties that are rented furnished and unfurnished are produced from the living costs and food survey. Estimates of the expenditure on property that is rented furnished and unfurnished are sourced from the national accounts.

  7. Methodology

    Details of the methodology used to calculate the IPHRP can be found in the June 2013 IPHRP article but this article requires some updating. This article can also be supplemented by the January 2015 article which presents some recent methodological changes for IPHRP.

    A Quality and Methodology Information (QMI) report for the IPHRP describes in detail the intended uses of the statistics presented in this publication, their general quality and the methods used to produce them.

  8. Accessibility

    This bulletin includes data up to and including April 2016.

Details of the policy governing the release of new data are available on the UK Statistics Authority website.

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Contact details for this Statistical bulletin

Rhys Lewis
hpi@ons.gov.uk
Telephone: +44 (0)1633 456400