"Figure 7: Mortality rates for females aged 90 years and over have improved at a greater rate than expected pre-breakpoint","" "Age-specific quarterly rolling annual mortality rates and fitted segmented model, for males and females aged 90 years and over, England, 1990 to 2018","" "","" "Notes","1. Age-specific mortality rates per 100,000 population. 2. Figures exclude non-residents, based on boundaries as of May 2019. 3. Q1 refers to annual period ending Quarter 1 (April to March), Q2 refers to annual period ending Quarter 2 (July to June), Q3 refers to annual period ending Quarter 3 (October to September), Q4 refers to annual period ending Quarter 4 (January to December). 4. Segmented model is the segmented linear regression model produced by our program to best fit the data. 5. Pre-breakpoint trend projected is the trend fitted to the data up until the breakpoint projected forward to the end of the observed data time series." "Unit","Age-specific mortality rates per 100,000" "","" "Period Ending","Males - Observed rate","Males - Segmented model","Males - Pre-breakpoint trend projected","Females - Observed rate","Females - Segmented model","Females - Pre-breakpoint trend projected" "Q4 1990","27309.1","27957.5","27957.5","22536.6","22609.2","22609.2" "Q1 1991","27885.4","27896.7","27896.7","23071.0","22610.4","22610.4" "Q2 1991","27759.6","27836.0","27836.0","23170.1","22611.6","22611.6" "Q3 1991","27704.7","27775.2","27775.2","23048.8","22612.8","22612.8" "Q4 1991","27946.1","27714.4","27714.4","23191.9","22613.9","22613.9" "Q1 1992","27516.2","27653.7","27653.7","22728.5","22615.1","22615.1" "Q2 1992","27100.5","27592.9","27592.9","22436.1","22616.3","22616.3" "Q3 1992","26918.9","27532.2","27532.2","22272.8","22617.4","22617.4" "Q4 1992","26389.6","27471.4","27471.4","21791.7","22618.6","22618.6" "Q1 1993","26296.3","27410.7","27410.7","21599.0","22619.8","22619.8" "Q2 1993","26620.1","27349.9","27349.9","21856.9","22621.0","22621.0" "Q3 1993","26744.7","27289.2","27289.2","22034.5","22622.1","22622.1" "Q4 1993","27953.1","27228.4","27228.4","23366.6","22623.3","22623.3" "Q1 1994","27839.3","27167.7","27167.7","23305.5","22624.5","22624.5" "Q2 1994","27629.5","27106.9","27106.9","23003.8","22625.7","22625.7" "Q3 1994","27190.8","27046.1","27046.1","23020.7","22626.8","22626.8" "Q4 1994","26009.0","26985.4","26985.4","21736.0","22628.0","22628.0" "Q1 1995","26292.0","26924.6","26924.6","21952.2","22629.2","22629.2" "Q2 1995","26276.2","26863.9","26863.9","22221.7","22630.3","22630.3" "Q3 1995","26465.6","26803.1","26803.1","22212.4","22631.5","22631.5" "Q4 1995","27116.1","26742.4","26742.4","22865.1","22632.7","22632.7" "Q1 1996","27656.9","26681.6","26681.6","23299.3","22633.9","22633.9" "Q2 1996","27352.8","26620.9","26620.9","23051.5","22635.0","22635.0" "Q3 1996","27219.7","26560.1","26560.1","22968.2","22636.2","22636.2" "Q4 1996","26937.5","26499.4","26499.4","22709.0","22637.4","22637.4" "Q1 1997","27066.9","26438.6","26438.6","23157.9","22638.5","22638.5" "Q2 1997","27222.3","26377.8","26377.8","23125.1","22639.7","22639.7" "Q3 1997","26963.8","26317.1","26317.1","22965.7","22640.9","22640.9" "Q4 1997","26386.1","26256.3","26256.3","22692.2","22642.1","22642.1" "Q1 1998","24978.3","26195.6","26195.6","21598.5","22643.2","22643.2" "Q2 1998","25060.9","26134.8","26134.8","21801.9","22644.4","22644.4" "Q3 1998","25182.1","26074.1","26074.1","22016.1","22645.6","22645.6" "Q4 1998","25887.3","26013.3","26013.3","22622.4","22646.8","22646.8" "Q1 1999","27325.9","25952.6","25952.6","23942.1","22647.9","22647.9" "Q2 1999","26676.5","25891.8","25891.8","23612.8","22619.7","22649.1" "Q3 1999","26366.9","25831.1","25831.1","23366.4","22591.1","22650.3" "Q4 1999","26072.8","25770.3","25770.3","23168.4","22562.4","22651.4" "Q1 2000","26048.8","25709.5","25709.5","23076.5","22533.8","22652.6" "Q2 2000","26320.4","25648.8","25648.8","22960.4","22505.1","22653.8" "Q3 2000","26144.3","25588.0","25588.0","22818.4","22476.5","22655.0" "Q4 2000","25485.4","25527.3","25527.3","22240.6","22447.9","22656.1" "Q1 2001","24684.7","25466.5","25466.5","21369.4","22419.2","22657.3" "Q2 2001","24726.9","25405.8","25405.8","21672.5","22390.6","22658.5" "Q3 2001","24853.1","25345.0","25345.0","21801.9","22361.9","22659.6" "Q4 2001","24920.4","25284.3","25284.3","21998.2","22333.3","22660.8" "Q1 2002","24966.9","25223.5","25223.5","22054.1","22304.7","22662.0" "Q2 2002","25083.6","25162.8","25162.8","21961.2","22276.0","22663.2" "Q3 2002","25162.0","25102.0","25102.0","22127.5","22247.4","22664.3" "Q4 2002","25244.9","25041.2","25041.2","22463.4","22218.7","22665.5" "Q1 2003","25270.8","24980.5","24980.5","22461.7","22190.1","22666.7" "Q2 2003","25167.1","24919.7","24919.7","22532.9","22161.4","22667.9" "Q3 2003","25190.3","24859.0","24859.0","22761.8","22132.8","22669.0" "Q4 2003","25516.3","24798.2","24798.2","23080.1","22104.2","22670.2" "Q1 2004","25332.0","24737.5","24737.5","22937.6","22075.5","22671.4" "Q2 2004","24860.1","24676.7","24676.7","22764.2","22046.9","22672.5" "Q3 2004","24525.6","24616.0","24616.0","22373.1","22018.2","22673.7" "Q4 2004","24055.4","24555.2","24555.2","21672.3","21989.6","22674.9" "Q1 2005","24560.9","24494.5","24494.5","22228.7","21961.0","22676.1" "Q2 2005","24798.0","24433.7","24433.7","22437.2","21932.3","22677.2" "Q3 2005","24641.7","24372.9","24372.9","22278.7","21903.7","22678.4" "Q4 2005","24587.4","24312.2","24312.2","22147.7","21875.0","22679.6" "Q1 2006","24293.7","24251.4","24251.4","21813.5","21846.4","22680.7" "Q2 2006","24371.3","24190.7","24190.7","21762.1","21817.8","22681.9" "Q3 2006","24510.7","24129.9","24129.9","21729.9","21789.1","22683.1" "Q4 2006","24360.7","24069.2","24069.2","21548.8","21760.5","22684.3" "Q1 2007","24233.8","24008.4","24008.4","21473.6","21731.8","22685.4" "Q2 2007","23991.5","23947.7","23947.7","21343.7","21703.2","22686.6" "Q3 2007","24072.5","23886.9","23886.9","21519.5","21674.5","22687.8" "Q4 2007","24736.8","23826.2","23826.2","22216.2","21645.9","22689.0" "Q1 2008","24820.1","23765.4","23765.4","22231.4","21617.3","22690.1" "Q2 2008","25144.2","23704.6","23704.6","22549.4","21588.6","22691.3" "Q3 2008","24937.9","23643.9","23643.9","22490.6","21560.0","22692.5" "Q4 2008","24659.8","23583.1","23583.1","22642.6","21531.3","22693.6" "Q1 2009","24496.9","23522.4","23522.4","22537.6","21502.7","22694.8" "Q2 2009","23690.7","23461.6","23461.6","21803.0","21474.1","22696.0" "Q3 2009","23092.2","23400.9","23400.9","21259.4","21445.4","22697.2" "Q4 2009","22236.4","23340.1","23340.1","20151.9","21416.8","22698.3" "Q1 2010","21817.8","23279.4","23279.4","19734.3","21388.1","22699.5" "Q2 2010","21813.5","23218.6","23218.6","19782.8","21359.5","22700.7" "Q3 2010","21896.8","23157.8","23157.8","19896.5","21330.8","22701.9" "Q4 2010","22174.5","23097.1","23097.1","20184.7","21302.2","22703.0" "Q1 2011","22092.2","23036.3","23036.3","20019.0","21273.6","22704.2" "Q2 2011","22247.2","22975.6","22975.6","19866.0","21244.9","22705.4" "Q3 2011","22307.5","22914.8","22914.8","19738.6","21216.3","22706.5" "Q4 2011","22035.3","22854.1","22854.1","19473.8","21187.6","22707.7" "Q1 2012","22466.7","22794.6","22793.3","19748.7","21159.0","22708.9" "Q2 2012","22606.9","22822.4","22732.6","20107.6","21130.4","22710.1" "Q3 2012","22616.1","22850.3","22671.8","20249.7","21101.7","22711.2" "Q4 2012","23122.0","22878.1","22611.1","20560.8","21073.1","22712.4" "Q1 2013","23508.0","22905.9","22550.3","21099.4","21044.4","22713.6" "Q2 2013","23776.2","22933.8","22489.5","21361.9","21015.8","22714.7" "Q3 2013","23487.9","22961.6","22428.8","21086.8","20987.1","22715.9" "Q4 2013","23148.0","22989.4","22368.0","20676.5","20958.5","22717.1" "Q1 2014","22220.3","23017.3","22307.3","19582.7","20929.9","22718.3" "Q2 2014","21778.4","23045.1","22246.5","18911.7","20901.2","22719.4" "Q3 2014","21979.6","23072.9","22185.8","19239.7","20872.6","22720.6" "Q4 2014","22357.5","23100.8","22125.0","19850.2","20843.9","22721.8" "Q1 2015","24004.1","23128.6","22064.3","21754.2","20815.3","22723.0" "Q2 2015","24242.7","23156.4","22003.5","22233.7","20786.7","22724.1" "Q3 2015","24299.8","23184.3","21942.8","22129.4","20758.0","22725.3" "Q4 2015","23958.6","23212.1","21882.0","21733.1","20729.4","22726.5" "Q1 2016","22787.9","23239.9","21821.2","20318.6","20700.7","22727.6" "Q2 2016","22820.2","23267.8","21760.5","20321.2","20672.1","22728.8" "Q3 2016","22651.8","23295.6","21699.7","20435.3","20643.5","22730.0" "Q4 2016","22834.8","23323.4","21639.0","20586.6","20614.8","22731.2" "Q1 2017","23678.1","23351.3","21578.2","21592.8","20586.2","22732.3" "Q2 2017","23322.5","23379.1","21517.5","21362.7","20557.5","22733.5" "Q3 2017","23384.2","23406.9","21456.7","21267.9","20528.9","22734.7" "Q4 2017","23380.8","23434.8","21396.0","21369.3","20500.2","22735.8" "Q1 2018","23787.2","23462.6","21335.2","21910.0","20471.6","22737.0" "Q2 2018","23839.7","23490.4","21274.5","21982.2","20443.0","22738.2" "Q3 2018","23588.1","23518.3","21213.7","21758.6","20414.3","22739.4" "Q4 2018","23112.0","23546.1","21152.9","21345.1","20385.7","22740.5"